1、活塞頂燒穿、活塞局部燒蝕。這可能由于噴油器出現故障導致的，或者點火過早，再就是發動機燃燒壓力過大，超負荷運行。
Burn the piston crown, piston local ablation. This may be due to faulty injector cause, or premature ignition, then there are the engine combustion pressure, overload operation.
2、活塞傾斜運行。這是因為曲柄連桿機構中的個別件出現變形、扭曲、不均勻磨損，或曲軸竄動。
Pistons tilt operation. This is because the crank linkage of individual pieces of deformed, distorted, uneven wear, or crank ran.
3、活塞頭部損傷。這是因為潤滑不良或機油品質不好，再就是可能進氣系統出現故障，進入的空氣不潔。
Piston head injury. This is bad because of poor lubrication or oil quality, then there might intake system fails, the incoming air is dirty.
4、氣門頂撞活塞。這是因為配氣相位紊亂，或氣門間隙調整不正確。
Contradict the valve piston. This is because with the gas phase disorder, or incorrect valve clearance adjustment.
5、銷孔內側壓裂。這是因為供油量過多，點火或供油提前角過大；不適宜的燃油；增壓壓力過高；超負荷運行等因素引起過大機械負荷將銷孔壓裂。
Inside of the pin hole fracturing. This is because the amount of excess fuel, ignition or fuel supply advance angle is too large; inappropriate fuel; boost pressure is too high; overload operation and other factors will cause excessive mechanical load pin hole fracturing.

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